Nanotechnology is a field of applied science and technology
that covers a wide range of research, and Iran has made great advances in this
field. Nanotechnology is the fourth wave of the industrial revolution, a huge
phenomenon in all scientific trends and emerging technologies. It is rapidly
expanding. Nanomaterials are classified into four categories: zero-dimensional,
one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional bulk nanomaterials,
generally with three dimensions of length, width, and height.
What are the different types of nanomaterials?
For many, the question may arise as to what
materials are called “nanomaterials” and what does “nano”
actually mean? Nanotechnology refers to the manipulation and modification of
materials and their properties in the small (nano) dimensions. For example, by
shrinking the size of a material, it generally improves some of the mechanical
properties of materials such as strength. This increase in strength does not
occur only in the range of a few nanometers, and may have a material strength
of several tens and even a hundred nanometers much greater than that of
large-scale bulk material. On the other hand, changes in some properties, such
as color and magnetic properties, can occur only in a few nanometers. As a
result, scientists have defined the range of 1 to 100 nanometers as the
nanometer range to define nanoscience and nanotechnology.Oxide nanoparticles,
also called ceramic oxide nanoparticles, comprise a wide range of
nanoparticles.
Types of nanomaterials
1. Oxide nanoparticles
2- Non-oxide nanoparticles (carbide, nitride, bromide, …)
3 – Elemental nanoparticles (mostly containing metallic
nanoparticles, boron, carbon and other elements).
4- Different types of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
5. Different types of NanoRods, Nano Wiskers, Nanowires, Nanofiber
6- Different types of carbon nanostructures such as fluorines (C60
C70) and nano-diamonds
7. Nanomaterials
8- Mineral nanomaterials
Nano Materials Classification Nanoscale materials can be divided
into the following categories:
1) Nano-clusters
2) Nano-coatings
3) Nano layers
4) Nano-wires
5) Nanotubes
What is an example of a nanomaterial?
Nanostructures used as smart materials include materials such as
carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, single-walled and multi-walled carbon
nanotubes, as well as polyamide fibers. Such nanomaterials are now widely used
in smart textiles. Carbon nanotubes play a key role in the Sensor Industry.
Today, smart fiber is widely used in the garment, thermal insulation, medical
and aerospace industries. These materials can also revolutionize many
technologies, including communications.
Sensors, actuators and control units are three common components
in smart nanostructures. The sensor provides a nervous system for signal
detection.As noted, intelligent materials are substances that understand and
respond to conditions and stimuli such as mechanical, thermal, chemical,
electrical and magnetic stimulation.
Nanotechnology is a highly interdisciplinary field of
knowledge and is related to the fields of materials engineering, medicine,
pharmacy and drug design, veterinary, biology, applied physics, semiconductor
tools, supramolecular chemistry and even mechanical engineering, electrical
engineering and chemical engineering..
Nanomaterials have many properties, some of which we will mention,
acoustic properties,nanomaterials properties electrical properties,
optical properties, etc.
Where to find and buy nanomaterials in bulk?
Today, the use of nanomaterials is widely discussed
worldwide. It can be said that nanomaterials are used in almost all domains.
From mobile phones and advanced computer components to ceramics to homes! The
properties of nanomaterials make it possible to improve the desired product in
almost any field. Nanoparticles are particles less than one hundred nanometers in diameter,
with highly dependable properties such as reactivity and optical behavior
(compared to larger particles, completely new or improved).
Hypersensitive,
such as titanium oxide and oxide, which become transparent particles at the
nanoscale and are capable of absorbing and reflecting ultraviolet light and
finding usability in solar panels.On the market, nanoparticles
are available as dry or dispersed powders in liquid. Currently important
nanoparticles include simple metal oxides such as silica, alumina, titanium
oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, sodium oxide and zirconium oxide.
Silica and
iron oxide have been on the market for more than fifty years as nanoparticles. nanomaterials applications: In 2008, Switzerland published a strategic plan in the field of
nanotechnology called Action Plan, Synthesized Nanomaterials. The program does
not specify a specific time period for execution. The Action Plan focuses
mainly on Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) and Promotion and Public
Dialogue issues, and elaborates on government policies for the responsible
development of .nanomaterials. On the other hand, issues such as
commercialization and human resource development are not discussed in this
document
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